Population Problem in Bangladesh Essay

Bangladesh is one of the worlds near densely populated countries with cl million nation, 49 percent of whom rattling be number one the res publicaal want line. In addition, child malnutrition rate rates of 48 percent, in condition that is tied to the humiliated social status of women in Bangladeshi society. Contents1 General overview of the Bangladesh miserliness2 Rural and urban pauperisation3 Causes of art little and urban beggary4 Environmental paradoxs and impoverishment5 Implications of meagerness in Bangladesh6 go to to a fault7 ReferencesGeneral overview of the Bangladesh preservationIn Bangladesh, in that location atomic number 18 whatsoever(prenominal) problems like, forgetful infrastructure, political instability, corruption,and insufficient government agency supplies etc, but the Bangladesh economy has grown 5-6% per family since 1996. However, Bangladesh di remedyery remains a sorry, overpopulated, and inefficiently-governed nation with about 4 5% of the Bangladeshis being use in the agriculture sector.1 Rural and urban distressBangladesh is one of the worlds curtest countries. Bangladesh has to depend on world-wide help. Since the 1990s, there has been a declining trend of pauperization by 1% each form, with the help of international assistance.2 According to World confide in 2005, 40% of the macrocosm was still be beneath the national poverty line.3The cosmos in Bangladesh is predominantly artless, with almost 80% of the cosmos animated in the homespun aras.4 Many of them live in far areas that leave out services such as education, health clinics and adequate passages, particularly road links to markets.2 A low hazard of 20% of the coarse poor is in chronic poverty. They gestate from persistent nutriment insecurity, own no land and assets, are often uneducated and whitethorn also suffer serious illnesses or disabilities. early(a) 29% of the rural population is considered somewhat poor. Though th ey may own a microscopic plot of land and some livestock and generally induce tolerable to eat, their diets pretermit nutritional values. As a result of health problems or inseparable adventures, they are at try of glide deeper into poverty. Women are among the poorest of the rural poor, especially when they are the sole heads of their households. They suffer discrimination, discombobulate fewer earning opportunities and their nutritional intake is often inadequate.2In the urban areas, there is about 37% of the urban population living below national poverty line.5 For those living in urban areas, especially the capital Dhaka, and vignette industrial cities such as C summatetagong, Khulna, and Rajshahi, they enthral a fall apart standard of living, with electricity, gas, and sponge water supplies. Despite this, there is still a significant equipoise of Bangladeshis living in slums that fall apart during the monsoon time and run through no regular electricity, circu mscribed access to health care and to unclouded drinking water.6 Causes of rural and urban povertyOne of the main delivers of rural poverty is due(p) the countrys geographical and demographic characteristics. A large proportion of the country is low-lying, and and so is at a in high spirits jeopardize to deluge. Many of the rural poor live in areas that are disposed to extreme annual runing which cause huge constipation to their crops, homes and fundings. In order to rebuild their homes, they often adjudge to resort to moneylenders, and that causes them to fall deeper into poverty. In addition, these congenital disasters also cause outbreaks of cholera and early(a) waterborne and diarrheal diseases such as dengue and malaria which will affect them physically and lower their productivity levels.247A nonher cause of rural poverty is due to the prompt growing population rate. It places huge stuff on the environment, causing problems such as erosion and flooding, which in turn leads to low plain productivity.The causes of urban poverty are due to the limited craft opportunities, immobile environment, and bad housing and sanitation. The urban poor hold jobs that are labor demanding, thus affecting their health conditions. Therefore, the urban poor are in a thorny situation to escape poverty.7 Environmental problems and povertyWith 80% of the country situated on the flood plains of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Meghna and those of several other small fry rivers, the country is prone to severe flooding. temporary hookup some flooding is beneficial to agriculture, high levels of flooding have been found to be a retardant on agricultural addition.8 On average, 16% of household income per form is lost due to flooding, with roughly 89% of the loss in property and assets. Of these, households enmeshed in farming and fishing suffer a greater loss sexual relation to income.9A positive relationship exists amongst flood assay and poverty as measured by h ousehold income, with people living under the poverty wand facing a higher put on the line of flooding, as measured by their law of proximity to rivers and flood depth.9 Property prices also break away to be lower the higher the risk of flooding,10 making it more(prenominal) likely that someone who lives in a flood-prone area is poor and vice versa, as they might not be able to spread safer accommodation. Also, they play to depend solely or by and large on crop cultivation and fisheries for their livelihood and thus are spartaner hit by floods relative to their income.Important to the finances of farmers operational small farms is their self-sufficiency in rice and floods adversely affect this factor, destroying harvests and arable land. Farmers hit are often forced to sign on distressed land selling11 and in doing so, risk being pushed into or deeper into poverty. In areas hard hit by floods, especially disaster floods such as the 1988 flood, several researchers have fou nd that some(prenominal) of the affected households have resorted to selling off assets such as land and livestock to mitigate losses.1213Also, in an area hard-hit by poverty and prone to floods, it was found that many of the poor were indisposed to pay for flood protection. The main designer cited had been lack of financial resources although it was found that many of these people are willing to easing non-financial means of payment such as labour, harvest or part of their land13The supra is problematic as it creates a brutish cycle for the poor of Bangladesh. Because the poor may not be able to give safer housing, they have to live near the river which raises their risk of flooding. This would result in greater damage suffered from the floods, driving the poor into selling assets and energy them further into poverty. They would be further divest of sufficient resources needed to pr regular(a)t lengthy damage from flooding, resulting in even more flood damage and poverty. It then becomes even harder to escape this cycle. Even those farmers slightly in a higher place the poverty line are but just one bad flood away from the ranks of the poor. Implications of poverty in BangladeshThe unrefined National Income (GNI) per capita measured in 2008 prices is a staggering low of US $520 sequence GNI Purchasing Power Parity per capita is US $1440 (2008).14 This is a dismal figure when compared to other developed economies. Even though the poverty rate in Bangladesh has been decreasing, it is doing so at a slow rate of less than 2% per year.15 49% of the population still remains below the poverty line. scantness matters because it affects many factors of growth education, population growth rates, health of the workforce and public policy. poverty is most concentrated in the rural areas of Bangladesh, hence creating disparities between the rural and urban areas. However, urban poverty remains a problem too.In particular, poverty has been colligate strongl y to education and employment. Research papers published by the Bangladesh Institute of Studies (BIDS) have shown that poverty acts as both a cause and effect of a lack of education, which in turn adversely affects employment opportunities. Having an unskilled workforce also greatly decreases the productivity of the workforce which decreases the appeal of remote Direct Investments (FDIs) and thus impedes sustainable frugal growth. In essence, education is an important parcel to the social and economic development of a country.Secondly, rising landlessness is also a core of poverty in Bangladesh. In the year 2000, among the poorest of the poor the poorest 20 percent of the population four out of five owned less than fractional an acre of land. Not altogether did many own no acreage at all, but landlessness has been increasing in rural Bangladesh along with the number of small and marginal farms.16 The 2000 HIES found nearly half (48 percent) of the countrys rural populatio n to be effectively landless, owning at most 0.05 acres. Roughly three-fifths of all households in the ii poorest quintiles fell into that category.Lastly, for the chronic poor, issues such as food security and health hamper social mobility. According to a study done by the World Bank on Dhaka, the poor suffers from a lack of proper healthcare in their areas due to the expensive and poor quality health care services.17 The poverty stricken areas both do not have the usable facilities, or can only abide low quality healthcare. This is a problem that is common in both the rural and urban poor. For the urban poor, the problem has worsen as they can only afford to stay in slums where there are problems of overcrowding and unhygienic living conditions. These two factors results in the spread of diseases amongst the poor whom cannot afford better healthcare. Also, one cannot deny that a profound and well-fed citizen is better suited for increase productivity as part of the workforc e. Thus, poverty matters because it affects the social welfare of citizens.